![]() The main factor is illumination and self-shadowing by the upper layers of cyanobacteria, which move to the optimal illumination. The structure of mat is maintained by exopolysaccharides produced by cyanobacteria, which are edificators (from ‘edifice’) for the community. The architecture of cyano-bacterial mats is similar in hypersaline lagoons, soda lakes, thermal springs, etc. It is called in German ‘Streiffarbsandwatt’. The whole system has dimensions of 2–4 mm. Still below are the layers of dead bacteria. ![]() In the mat, distinct layers are found: the upper illuminated level is occupied by cyanobacteria below is the white layer of sulfur bacteria, followed by the purple layer of anoxygenic phototrophs, and then the black layer of sulfide-producing bacteria. Sign (-) denotes here two components: cyanos as prime producers and bacteria as decomposers in regenerative cycle. The organization of the prokaryotic community is most clearly demonstrated by the cyano-bacterial mat. Zavarzin, in Encyclopedia of Ecology, 2008 Trophic Organization of Microbial Communities
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